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Amaphaneli e-3D esithelo sezinkundla ziyini?
izihlakani zesithili sezinkundla zezinkundla ziyizihlakani zokufaka emhlabathini ezinamaphuzu amaningi nezinhlobo. Zabika ubude obungakwenzeki ngokusebenzisa inkundla noma izihlakani zesithili. Ziyadlalwa ngokuvamile ngu-PVC, u-MDF, imetalu, noma umkhawulo owodwa ongakhuliswa kabusha. Zisebenziswa kwezindawo zokuzilahleka nezindawo zokusebenza ukudala isithili sesibonelo esisemthethweni. Kungasebenziswe ukudala ubude kwezindawo eziningi noma ukufaka amakhelwane okubhalwa. Ziyafanelwa ukusakazwa futhi zifaka izindawo ezengeziwe, okuyisibonelo esihle sokugcina isithili. Ziyafanelwa ukusakazwa njengoba ziyenziwe ngokuphakanyiswa kanye nokubeka ngokumechanikali emva kwazo zonke izinye zezinkundla. Kungasakazwa ngokuphatha ukuthi zifanele kuzindawo ezithile futhi kusiza ekuboneni isithili sokubhalwa.
Izivinini Ezinkulu Zesihlakani Sesithili Sesibonelo Esisemthethweni Ngokwesibonelo Sokubhalwa
Ukuphakanyiswa Kwesibonelo Somlando Nokuhlinzeka Kwesithili Sokubhalwa
Ngoba izikhumba zesithili sezinkundla zinezimbi, zinconywa isikhundla sokuziphatha ngazo abantu. Lokhu kuyasebenza kakhulu emaphoyinti ezingaphansi kwezibhizinisi nezokuthengisa. Zinconywa ubuchwepheshe bebhrendi ngoba zinakwenzeka kahle ukuthi zihambisane nesikhombisa, umbala, isimo sesithili, nokushisa. Emaphoyinti ezingaphansi kwezokuthengisa, zinakwenzeka ukuthi umthengisi abe nesikhundla ngokuphakeme kwe-40% uma kubhekwa kusithili sezinkundla.
Ukuphepha, Ukugcina Okuncane, Nokuvuselela Ngokuphelele
Izikhumba zesithili zezibhizinisi zabalulekile zabalulekile kumathuba amaningi futhi zinamandla okuphepha okuphelele nokugcina okuncane:
Amaphathi we-PVC esikhuba kwezilwane nezikhumba zokuhlangana zinakwenzeka emathubeni amaningi nemithuba yezilwane eziningi, futhi zabalulekile kusithili sezinkundla nezinkundla zokuphakama
Amaphathi we-PP esikhumbela kwezilwane azizwe ngokuphelele ngeminyaka eyisigqibo nangaphezu kwalokho ngokugcina okuphelele nokufuna okuphelele
Izinhlobo zokuvuselela zokuvula zinakwenzeka ukuthi kuvuselelwe ngokuphakeme kwe-70%
Ukuphakama kwe-70% emlandweni wokufaka kusindisa ngokuphelele isikhathi sokuguqula. Lokhu kubalulekile kakhulu kwezindawo zokusebenza njengezihoteli, izihospitali, nezibhuro ezidinga ukusebenza ngemihouri engu-24. Amathuluzi okugcina amandla (ASTM E84 Class A) kanye nezinkampani zamaluminum eziyisilungiselelwe ngomoya wokuvula (UV stabilized aluminum composites) ziyaguqula imiphumela yezindawo ezinokusetshenziswa kuzo lezincwadi.
Amathuluzi kanye Nezindlela Zokudesigna Kukusebenzisa Kwemithombo Yezindawo Zokusebenza
Amathuluzi Atholakalayo: PVC, MDF, Imetal, Kanye Nezinkampani Ezisemthwakweni
I-PVC iyinika indawo eyisilungiselelwe ngumfula njengamaphoyisa kanye nezindawo zokusebenza zezindawo zokusebenza, i-MDF iyadlala futhi iyabhalwa ngokulinganayo kanye nokuncipha izindlela zokudesigna kwezindawo zokusebenza, izincwadi zemetal zinokubeka kwezindawo eziningi kakhulu kwezindawo zokusebenza ezizigaba kakhulu, kanye nezinkampani ezisemthwakweni zisiza ekufinyeleleni kwemithombo yezindawo zokusebenza yezindawo zokusebenza. Abasemthwakweni abaningi bokudonsa amasosha abonakala kulezinhlobo zemathuluzi ngezincwadi zokuhlonipha ezinokubhekana kusukela ku-30 years ku-50 years, lokhu kuyibonakalo yokuthi lezinhlobo zemathuluzi ziyasebenza kahle kanye nokubaluleka kwezindawo zokusebenza.
Imithambo Yokubhala: Emaseleni, Emazwe, Emagqambe, Nokubhala Okwesibonelo
Imithambo yamaseleni, ekhululekile kumaphetha, iyisibonelo esihluke kakhulu sokubhala esikhoneni sesikole sasezindaba zokusebenza ngoba isebenza ngokuthintela umlilo ukusiza ukubona indawo enkulu. Ukuphakanyisa indawo yezimpilo ukuze kusize abantu bafunde ubuhlungu, kuboniswa ngokubhala okwemigqa okufunyanwa kulesi sikhono, futhi kusikhono sesitolo, amaqhina amanquma ayisibonelo esihluke kakhulu sokukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya amandla okukhanya......
Ukukhetha Imiphakathi Yezinkundla Zokubhala Ngokwesibonelo Ukufaka Kusikhono
Kukhona izinto eziningi ezingafanele ukuzibonakalisa xa kufundwa ngamaphaneli wezinyango, njengokusebenza, isikhundla, nokwehlela kwesikhundla.
Ukukhombisa amaphaneli amuhle wezinyango, qiniseka izinkinga zokuphepha nokulandela izinhlobo zemifulo. Uma amaphaneli ayithengiswa kumazinyango ohlukile okwenzeka ukuba akhona amanzi amaningi, njengomkhumbi wokugcina nezindawo zokusebenza kwezindawo zokusebenza kwezindawo zokusebenza, baya ngezinyango zasePVC ezingenakho amanzi ukuze ziphinde zihlabe noma zihlabe ngamafutha. Uma amaphaneli ayisemphakathini, kufanele zibe ze-aluminum, zingekho ukubuka kwe-UV, futhi zingekho ukubuka kwe-corrosion. Ukusebenzisa i-aluminum, kufanele kubonakaliswe ukuthi kungakhathalelwa ukubuka kwe-corrosion nokulandela imifulo. Uma iphaneli iyisemaphakathini apho abantu bakhona kahle, iphaneli kufanele ibe yezinkambu zokubuka kwezimpilo, kanye nezinkambu zokubuka kwezimpilo, futhi kufanele ikhathalele izindlela zokuphepha kwezimpilo.
Ukubonakalisa ukubiliwe kwezinyango kwezinyango zokubiliwe kwezinyango kufanele kubonakalise ukuthenga, izikhathi zokubiliwe, kanye nangokunye.
Ukuze kufikwe emva kwezikhathi zesakhiwo esizalwa, kufanele izikhathi zesakhiwo nezinkokhelo ziyisame manufacturer. Uma izindawo ziyasakhiwa kabusha, kufanele kwenziwe ukuthi kubhekwe ukuthi izihlangothi ziyahambanana ngokuphelele. Amasistimu amaningi okusakha ngokuhlanganisa ayasebenza ukudlula izindawo ezingafanani. Izikhathi zesakhiwo zingashintshwa ngokuphela ngokusebenzisa amapaneli ongaphansi kwemithwalo yezibhalo. Kufanele kwenziwe iziphakamiso ezisemkhathini wamapaneli, futhi kufanele kuphinde kusakhiwe isampulu esithile sokuphakama ukuze kubonwe ubunzima nobungcolosi. Ukuze kube lutho lokho okufanele kusakhiwe nokufaka, kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi ukuthintana kwezinkokhelo zokuthenga ngokukhulu kuyabonakala.
Isikhombisi Sokuqala
Bazalwa ngobani amapaneli esithombe esemagqeni okuqondisa?
Izinkulungwane eziphikiswe kakhulu ziyakuba ngu-PVC, i-MDF, izilwane zokugcina, nezinkulungwane ezivuselekile. Ngoba izinkulungwane njenge-PVC ziyatholakala ngokupheleleyo kumaphethini okukhanya, lezi zingasetyenziswa emaphethini aphakathi kwezinye izindawo ezinokuthi zibe yizindawo ezinokuthi zibe yizindawo zokukhanya, futhi i-MDF ingasetyenziswa apho izindlela ezihlukahlukene, ezinokuhlanganiswa, izibhodi zomkhosi zingaba zibalulekile.
Ngabe zonke izibhodi zesikhumba sezibhodi zokuzisa zisakhiwe ukusetyenziswa ngaphandle kwendawo?
Izibhodi ezithile zesikhumba sezibhodi zokuzisa zisakhiwe ngqo ngezintonga ezifana nezilwane zokugcina ezinokubaluleka kwe-UV nezinkulungwane ezinokuthi zibe yizinkulungwane ezinokukhanya. Uma ubhekisa nokwakha, qiniseka ukuthi zonke izinkulungwane ezisetyenziswayo ziyafika emiphakathini yezimboni nezimboni ze-ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) zokusetshenziswa ngaphandle kwendawo.
Ngabe kunezibhodi ezisakhiwe ukusetyenziswa emaphakathini amahulumeni ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwemiphakathi?
Yebo. Amaphaneli amaningi ase-3D, okukodwa kwezinye zazo ezisakhiwe ngokusebenzisa isibonelo, futhi zisebenziswa njengezinye zokuphakama, izinye zokugcina, noma izinye zokuhlukanisa, futhi njengezinye zokulahla ukushusha kwemithambo yezindawo eziningi, zinokusebenza kakhulu kumaqondiso wokusebenza noma kumaqondiso wezokwakha nokuthenga imithombo (CAP).
Emva kokuthi isikhipha sivumelwe, isikhathi esisho sengxenye yokubegina kuze kube phakathi kwezinkampani zokuthenga lezinye zokuzihlanganisa?
Kodwa uma ukufaka kuyizindlela eziphakeme, izinye ziyafika ngaphakathi kwezinsuku ezi-5–7. Ubude bezinye zinokuhlukana ngokulingana nokuchaza kwezinye.
Ziziphi izimboni ozizilungiselela uma uzifunda izinto ezisakhiwe ngazo?
Kumaqondiso wokusebenza, qinisekisa ukuthi izinye zinezimboni zokudla zokudla zokufana nezimo zokuphakama zakho futhi qinisekisa ukuthi zinezimboni zokuvimbela ukushusha okufanele kwezindawo zakho.